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3 US economists win 2022 Nobel Prize in Economics_我的网站

一 |           　　新华社北京8月24日电 中央气象台24日10时同时发布台风蓝色预警、暴雨黄色预警和强对流天气蓝色预警。    Stockholm, Oct 10 (UNI) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced Monday that three US-based economists won the 2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences “for research on banks and financial crises”.

The winners are Ben Bernanke, former head of the US Federal Reserve and currently with the Brookings Institution in Washington DC, Douglas Diamond of the University of Chicago and Philip Dybvig of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. The winners share a prize of about $900,000.

The nobelprize.org put out a release saying:

"Their discoveries improved how society deals with financial crises

"This year’s laureates in the Economic Sciences, Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig, have significantly improved our understanding of the role of banks in the economy, particularly during financial crises. An important finding in their research is why avoiding bank collapses is vital.

"Modern banking research clarifies why we have banks, how to make them less vulnerable in crises and how bank collapses exacerbate financial crises. The foundations of this research were laid by Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig in the early 1980s. Their analyses have been of great practical importance in regulating financial markets and dealing with financial crises.

"For the economy to function, savings must be channelled to investments. However, there is a conflict here: savers want instant access to their money in case of unexpected outlays, while businesses and homeowners need to know they will not be forced to repay their loans prematurely. In their theory, Diamond and Dybvig show how banks offer an optimal solution to this problem. By acting as intermediaries that accept deposits from many savers, banks can allow depositors to access their money when they wish, while also offering long-term loans to borrowers.

"However, their analysis also showed how the combination of these two activities makes banks vulnerable to rumours about their imminent collapse. If a large number of savers simultaneously run to the bank to withdraw their money, the rumour may become a self-fulfilling prophecy – a bank run occurs and the bank collapses. These dangerous dynamics can be prevented through the government providing deposit insurance and acting as a lender of last resort to banks.

"Diamond demonstrated how banks perform another societally important function. As intermediaries between many savers and borrowers, banks are better suited to assessing borrowers’ creditworthiness and ensuring that loans are used for good investments.

"Ben Bernanke analysed the Great Depression of the 1930s, the worst economic crisis in modern history. Among other things, he showed how bank runs were a decisive factor in the crisis becoming so deep and prolonged. When the banks collapsed, valuable information about borrowers was lost and could not be recreated quickly. Society’s ability to channel savings to productive investments was thus severely diminished.

"The laureates’ insights have improved our ability to avoid both serious crises and expensive bailouts,” says Tore Ellingsen, Chair of the Committee for the Prize in Economic Sciences.

The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was not included in Alfred Nobel's will, voanews.com reported.

It was established by the Swedish central bank in 1968 — and is officially the "Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel" to mark the bank’s 300th anniversary. It was first awarded in 1969 and has been funded by the bank since then.

UNI ING。11时50分，中国气象局升级调整重大气象灾害(台风、暴雨)四级应急响应为(台风、暴雨、强对流)三级应急响应。

二 |      　　中央气象台预计，受台风及西南季风影响，24日至26日，福建、广东、广西、海南等地有强降雨，北部湾、台湾海峡、东海等海域及沿海地区风力大。此外，24日，辽宁、吉林等局地有强降雨;25日起，西北地区东部、华北、东北地区自西向东将有明显降雨过程，并伴有强对流天气。

三 |      　　中央气象台同时预计，台风“紫檀”将继续在北部湾海面回旋少动，强度维持或略有增强，25日后将转向东北方向移动，逐渐向广西至广东雷州半岛西侧一带沿海靠近;台风“简拉维”24日12时30分在福建省泉州市沿海登陆，将继续向西北方向移动，强度逐渐减弱;台风“沙德尔”将于26日进入东海，逐渐向我国华东沿海靠近。

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Published on:16:24:57